You may not realise this, but both portraits are of the same person, namely Robespierre. The painting is by Louis Leopold Boilly, and the wax head is by Anna Maria Grosholz, better known by her maried name of Madame Tussaud. She was at the guillotine, and fished his head out of the basket to make a cast. We can be certain that the pockmarked face and plump head are a true representation of what Robespierre looked like. The painter, of course, had to be very careful that he didn't portray his subject in too unflattering a light, for fear of some terrible punishment.
It's rather like now, in a way, where one sometimes daren't tell the truth for fear of some terrible retribution.
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